Gas burner



J. J. MOYLAN Feb4,1969

GAS BURNER Filed May 1, 1967 HHH La INVENTOR. 5 JOSEPH J. MOYLAN 4o BYmum, am

ATTORNEXS United States Patent O 7 Claims Int. Cl. F23c 7/00; F24c 3/10;B05b 7/06 ABSTRACT F THE DISCLOSURE A gas burner for industrial anddomestic uses producing a flame involving substantially completecombustion of a fuel and air mixture. The burner comprises a jacket ortubular shell, a valve controlled fuel supply pipe, a plurality of airtubes bundled around a fuel supply pipe, a combustion chamber, and apilot liame. The fuel supply pipe has a discharge end with an orificetherein producing a fuel jet. The plurality of air tubes and the fuelsupply pipe are installed within the jacket or shell completely illingthe interior thereof. The combustion chamber may be formed in one end ofthe jacket by the ends of the air tubes being in a common plane and inlongitudinal spaced relation to the adjacent end of the jacket. Thepilot llame is suitably produced as by a burner of similar constructionto the gas burner but of smaller construction.

The principal objects of the present invention are to provide a gasburner for industrial and domestic uses which produces a flame involvingsubstantially complete combustion of a fuel and air mixture; to providea burner having a jacket, a valve controlled fuel supply pipe, aplurality of air tubes in surrounding relation around a fuel supplypipe, a combustion chamber, and a pilot llame; to provide a burner whichproduces a hot flame blast; to produce a burner adapted to be connectedto a heat exchanger; to provide a burner of simple and durableconstruction and efficient operation; and to provide a burner which iseconomical to manufacture.

Other objects and advantages of this invention will become apparent fromthe following description taken in connection with the accompanyingdrawings wherein are set forth 4by way of illustration and examplecertain embodiments of this invention,

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a gas burner constructed in accordancewith the present invention showing the jacket extension in position.

FIG. 2 is a partial perspective view of the gas burner with parts brokenaway to show the air tubes inside the jacket.

FIG. 3 is a transverse sectional view through the gas burner taken online 3 3, FIG, 1.

FIG. 4 is a fragmentary longitudinal sectional view taken on line 4-4,FIG. 3.

FIG. 5 is an elevation of the gas burner operatively connected to a heatexchanger and a chimney.

Referring more in detail to the drawings:

The reference numeral 1 designates a gas burner embodying the featuresof the present invention. The gas burner 1 consists of a burner jacketor tubular shell 2, a fuel supply pipe 3, a supply valve 4, a pluralityof air tubes 5 arranged around the fuel supply pipe 3, a combustionchamber 6, a pilot burner 7, and a pilot control valve 8 controlling thefuel supply to the pilot burner 7.

The jacket 2 may be of any suitable metal such as standard iron pipe andof a length approximately four 3,425,782 Patented Feb. 4, 1969 times thediameter. The jacket 2 has :an air inlet end 9 and a blast end 10adjacent the combustion chamber 6. The fuel supply pipe 3 is a standardmetal pipe having a diameter of approximately one-sixth the diameter 0fthe jacket. The fuel supply pipe 3 is installed inside the jacket 2 andpreferably approximately at the longitudinal axis thereof. The fuelsupply pipe 3 extends into the jacket 2 a distance of approximately fourtimes the diameter of the jacket 2 and terminates at a point locatedapproximately one-third the diameter of the jacket 2 from the blast end10 of said jacket 2. The supply valve 4 is installed in the fuel supplypipe 3 at: any desired location outside the jacket 2 and the supplyvalve 4 is suitably controlled as by solenoids to vary the fuel pressureentering the burner 1 and to turn on and off the fuel.

A plurality of thin walled air tubes 5 are bundled or suitably arrangedaround the fuel supply pipe 3 with the tubes in wall to wall Contact. Inthe illustrated structure each of the `air tubes 5 has one end 11installed in registery with the inlet end 9 of the jacket 2 with theother end 12 of the air tubes 5 substantially in registery with the endof the fuel supply pipe 3. The plurality of air tubes 5 lill the insideof jacket 2 and deline additional air passages 5 between adjacent airtubes 5.

The combustion chamber 6 is formed between the other end 12 of the airtubes 5 and the blast end 10- of the jacket 2. In the structureillustration, there is an end plug 13 installed inside the fuel supplypipe 3 in a discharge end 14 and having a bore 15 to define thedischarge orifice thereof. The bore 15 is tapered to the outlet so thatorice is of a substantially reduced diameter, for example, approximatelytwo-tenths the inside diameter of the fuel supply pipe 3. The taperedshape of the orifice bore 15 produces a fuel jet in a cone that divergesrapidly to a relative large diameter adjacent the discharge end 14thereby aiding the mixing of the fuel with air drawn through the airtubes 5 and the additional air passages 5 between adjacent air tubes 5.

After the fuel jet is ignited, air is drawn through the air tubes 5 byconvection currents created by the heat of the burning `fuel jets and `astrong turbulance is created in the combustion chamber 6. As thetemperature increases more air is drawn through Ithe air tubes 5 withthe air -thoroughly mixing with the fuel jet thereby producingsubstantially complete combustion of the fuel. The air being dnawnthrough the air tubes `5, the air mixing with the fuel jets and theburning of the mixture of fuel and air increases the turbul-ance in andadjacent to the combustion chamber 6.

1n the illustrated structure the pilot burner 7 is similar inconstruction to the burner 1 with the pilot burner 7 being a miniaturethereof. An elongate pilot pipe 16 is a standard metal pipe having .adiameter of approximately three-fourths the diameter of the fuel supplypipe 3 and the pilot pipe 16 is surrounded by a plurality of thin walledair tubes 17 suitably secured to the pilot pipe 16. The pilot pipe 16and the plurality of air tubes 17 are suitably secured inside a pilotjacket 13 with additional air passages formed by the spaces between theair tubes 17 :and the pilot pipe 16 and the pilot jacket 18'. An endplug 19 is installed inside the pilot pipe 11-6 in a discharge end 20thereof. The discharge end 20 of the pilot pipe 16 is in registery withan end 21 of the air tubes 17. The end plug 19 has a tapered orice 22therein producing a fuel jet similar to that produced by the end plug13.

The pilot burner 7 is suitably secured to the burner jacket 2. In theillustrated structure the longitudinal axis of the pilot burner 7 isinstalled at a forty-five degree (45) angle with the longitudinal axisof the bu-rner 1 and the longitudinal axis of the pilot burner 7intersects the longitudinal axis of the burner 1 adjacent the blast end10.

The pilot burner 7 produces a strong flame which will not be blown outby the turbulance in the combustion chamber 6. A suitable igniter suchas lan electrically controlled igniter 23 is mounted on the pilot burner7 adjacent to the discharge end of the pilot pipe 16 to ignite the pilotflame which is maintained to assure ignition of the fuel jet in theburner 1.

The pilot control valve 8 turns on and off the fuel supply to the pilotpipe 16. The valve 8 may be a standard hand operated valve asillustrated in FIG. 2 or solenoids may be employed to open and close thevalve 8. The valve 8 is installed in the pilot pipe 16 at any desiredlocation outside the pilot burner 7.

A jacket extension 24 is s-uitably secured on the jacket 2 adjacent theblast end 10 as by a plurality of screws 25 circumferentially spacedaround the periphery of the jacket 2 and the jacket extension 24. Theinternal diameter of the jacket extension 24 is complementary to theexternal diameter of the burner jacket 2 thereby producing a snug fit ofthe jacket extension 24 on the burner jacket 2. The length of the jacketextension 24 'beyond the `blast end 10 is approximately one-third thelength of the burner jacket 2.

The jacket extension 24 forms a combustion chamber extension for moreefficient mixing of the fuel jet and air drawn through the air tubes 5and through the air passages 5 between adjacent air tubes 5. The jacketextension 24 is preferably of stainless steel or other suitablecorrosive resistant or refractory material to resist the corrosiveeffects of combustion and heat. The jacket extension 24 confines thefuel and air mixture therein and produces a more concentrated flame atthe downstream end 28.

In the illustrated structure the burner 1 is supported by a relatively`rigid base 29 consisting of a heavy platelike member 30, a plurality ofspaced upright adjustable supports for selectively positioning theburner. The supports shown include sleeve members or guide-ways 31having bores 32 for slidably receiving a member 33 therein. The guidemember 33 has a threaded screw shank 34 extending therefrom and securedto respective saddles 35 or burner seats. Nuts 36 are threaded on eachof the shanks 34 intermediate their ends and engage the guideway 31 tofunction as jacks in adjusting the burner position.

In the illustrated structure the heavy plate-like member consists of apair of end portions 37 and 38 and a center portion 39 connecting theend portions 37 and 38, however, it rnay be of any shape desired and ofa size to provide stable support.

Each saddle is semi-cylindrical and has an internal radius complimentaryto the external radius of the lburner jacket 2 so as to fit around andsupport the burner jacket 2.

In operation t-he pilot control v-alve 8 is turned to Ipermit gas ltoflow through `the orifice 22 thereby forming a fuel jet in the pilotburner 7. The igniter 23 is activated to ignite the fuel jet producing apilot flame. The supply valve 4 is then operated to supply gas throughthe fuel supply pipe 3 and through the bore or orifice 15 fo-rming afuel jet which is ignited by the pilot flame. The discharge of the`burning fuel through the combustion chamber and end thereof inducesflow of air through the air tubes 5 to support combustion. A strongturbulance is created in the combustion chamber 6 by air being drawnthrough the Iair tubes 5 and through the additional air passages 5 `byconvection currents created by heat of the burning fuel jet. The airdrawn through the air tubes 5 mixes with the fuel jet therebyprogressively increasing the temperature until there is substantiallycomplete combustion of the fuel and air mixture. The tapered shape ofthe orice 15 aids the mixing of the air and fuel jet by forming a fuelcone rapidly diverging from the discharge end 14 of the fuel supply pipe3. The jacket extension 24 confines the fuel cone produced by theorifice 15 thereby permitting a more complete mixing of the air andfuel. The jacket extension 24 also confines the flame thereby producinga more concentrated flame.

One `use for the gas burner 1 is to provide a heat source for a heatexchanger 40 as shown in FIG. 5. The burner 1 is directly connected to acombustion chamber member 41 of the heat exchanger 4t), so said chambermember 41 serves as the jacket extension 24. One such heat exchanger 40includes a lower jacket 42 in which a plurality of spaced fire tubes 43are surrounded by a suitable fluid such as water supplied by a pump 44.The outlet end of lower jacket is connected to an inlet of an upperjacket 45 by a heat duct 46. The upper packet 45 has a plurality ofspaced fire tubes 47 surrounded by the fluid. A pair of spaced waterpipes 49 and 50 convey the fluid from the lower jacket 42 to the upperjacket 45 which is connected to an outlet pipe 51 for the heated fluid.A thermostat 52 is operatively connected through suitable controls forthe supply valve 4 so as to effect operation of the burner as desiredand to prevent overheating. A gauge 53 is mounted on the heat exchangerto visibly display the temperature of the fluid. The outlet of the upperjacket is connected by a gas discharge duct 54 to a stack or chimney 55,which provides lan additional draft source for the burner 1.

It is to be understood that while certain forms of this invention havebeen illustrated and described, it is notto be limited to the specificform or arrangement of parts herein described and shown except insofaras such limitations are included in the claims.

What I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. A burner comprising:

(a) an elongate tubular burner jacket having a combustion chamberportion adjacent one end, said burner jacket being open at the otherend,

(b) a fuel supply pipe in said burner jacket and having an end with ajet orifice discharging into said cornbustion chamber portion,

(c) means controlling the fuel supply pipe and fuel discharge into saidcombustion chamber portion,

(d) a plurality of elongate open ended tubes in a cluster in the burnerjacket and extending longitudinally thereof with each tube in contactingrelation to the adjacent tubes, said tubes surrounding the fuel supplypipe with outlet ends adjacent the orifice end of the fuel supply pipeand inlet ends adjacent said other end of the burner jacket for flow ofai-r from said open other end to the combustion chamber portion inmultiple streams to mix with the fuel and support combustion thereof.

2. A burner as set forth in claim 1 wherein said fuel supply pipeextends into said open end of the burner jacket and longitudinallythereof substantially on the longitudinal axis of said burner jacket.

3. A burner as set forth in claim 2 wherein said elongate open endedtubes each have said outlet end in a plane transverse to thelongitudinal axis of said burner jacket said plane being adjacent saidcombustion chamber portion.

4. A burner as set forth in claim 3 wherein said elongate open endedtubes and said fuel supply pipe fill said burner jacket between saidcombustion chamber and said open other end with said tubes being of alength approximately four times the diameter of the jacket.

5. A burner as set forth in claim 4 wherein said burner jacket has twosections with a first section containing said 5 6 tubes surrounding saidfuel supply pipe and a second sec- References Cited tion secured to therst section and extending therefrom UNITED STATES PATENTS defining thecombustion chamber.

6. A burner as set forth in claim 5 wherein said second 2,633,908 4/1953Briefly 2*423 X section is an elongate tubular member terminating in an704,1? 3/1955 Spltze 158-118 X open end remote from said rst section,said open end 5 3118738 1/1964 ROSS r 158`99 X being the discharge fromthe combustion chamber. 3162239 12/1964 Irons 15g- 112 7. A burner asset forth in claim 6 wherein the burner JAMES W WESTHAVER, PrimaryEmminm;

includes means controlling ignition of said fuel jet discharged fromsaid jet Orifice, said means being adjacent 10 U55- C1 X-R saidcombustion chamber. 126 9l; 431 263; 239 43.0

